Repository Aircraft Design and Systems Group (AERO) @ Hamburg University of Applied Sciences - Prof. Dr. Scholz (Reports @ AERO) Reach this repository via: http://repository.ProfScholz.de See what you are allowed to do: http://RepositoryPolicies.ProfScholz.de This repository has two collections A) and B): A) Student Results: Project Report, Bachelor Thesis, Master Thesis, Diplomarbeit, Dissertation (ETDs) Digital Library - Projects & Theses - Prof. Dr. Scholz Browse:  http://Library.ProfScholz.de On the page of this collection: Make use of the search function from the browser! Search this collection. Text search for Names, Titles, Keywords (German and English), DDC, RVK Descriptors. B) Research Results from AERO: Reports, Technical Notes, Memos, and Papers (if not disseminated otherwise) Reports @ AERO Browse:  http://Reports-at-AERO.ProfScholz.de On the page of this collection: Make use of the search function from the browser! Both collections are harvested by:                ... listed by:    Collection A) is harvested by:          stored by:

Library on WorldCat   WorldCat Registry ID: 263356 ISIL: OCLC-DEADS We started as a Library on WorldCat ("the world's largest library catalog, helping you find library materials online") with only a small number of Items so far - but growing: Items from Collection A and Items from Collection B WorldCat: "Ask a Librarian" If you cannot find on this page what you need, find your contact to ask at AERO!

About the Repository --- Table of Contents

Documentation Quality - Archiving and Dissemination

• Documents are prepared as PDF/A to be long time readable. PDFs are enhanced with a PDF Table on Contents for easy access. In addition they are linearized for fast web view.
• Data is stored in Harvard Dataverse and linked with DOI from DataCite to the document.
• Documents are delivered to the Institutional Repository of Leibniz Universität Hannover (LU Hannover) for:
  Indexing in repository, DOI allocation issued by DataCite,
  Archiving in TIB with certificate from DINI,
  Dissemination to Open Access Harvesters (OpenAIRE, BASE, CORE).
  Metadata is offered for Google Scholar harvesting.
  Metadata is written to OAIster/WorldCat with redundant double entry. Why double?
• Documents are delivered to the German National Library - Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (DNB) for: Indexing, URN allocation, and Archiving. This leads also to indexing in the German Common Union Catalogue (GVK), which is also a (manual) bridge to the Library Catalog of HAW Hamburg.
• Documents are delivered to my collection at the Internet Archive for Indexing, Archiving, and ARK allocation.
• Documents are also presented on their respective Landing Page (example) at HAW Hamburg with much metadata for enhanced inclusion into Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and Dissemination on Social Networks. Visible to Altmetrics are my mentions on Facebook, YouTube, and Mendeley. In addition, I mention the new report on LinkedIn and archive the Landing Page in the WaybackMachine (Internet Archive).
• Metadata is delivered directly in high quality to OAIster/WorldCat.

• Available (stored/archived - long term): DNB, TIB, Archive.org
• Discoverable (citable/retrievable - reliably): DOI, URN, ARK
• Reproducible (readable/accessible - also in the future): PDF/A

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At LU Hannover four links can be differentiated for my delivered data (there is no single link to cover all of this):
Scholz, Dieter (Author)
Scholz, Dieter (Editor)
Scholz, Dieter (Contributor, Supervisor, Examiner)
Lindemann, Dieter (Author)

At HAW Hamburg two links can be differentiated in the library catalog:
Scholz, Dieter (Author, editor, and supervisor of monographs and more)
Scholz, Dieter (Author of more recent papers)

The OAI-PMH-Compatible Static Repository

In order to supply distributors like WorldCat, with an OAI-PMH-compatible repository, the file Repository1.xml was built with Microsoft Access and a standard text Editor.

The repository scores 74.2% towards fulfilling requirements (2013 standards) for its OAI interface according to the DINI-Certificat (2016) for Open Access Repositories. A higher score is not possible, because this repository is a simple OAI Static Repository. Static Repositories are by definition not able to support

1. Sets
2. a "Deletion-Strategy"
3. a "Resumption Token"

1. The information expected at the level of the "Sets" is included in each Record. It is: "open_access", DDC-Category, and Document Type.
2. Records will not be deleted from the repository and hence a "Deletion-Strategy" is not needed.
3. The repository is relatively small and a break (with later resumption) during ingestion is not needed.

This repository uses also info:eu-repo Publication Types as required by OpenAIRE.

The figure shows the working principle of a static repository. This repository provides what is named "http://site1.org/mini/file1" in the figure with Repository1.xml.

Repository1.xml includes all documents from "Collection A) Student Results" and "Collection B) Research Results from AERO"
Repository2.xml includes only documents from "Collection A) Student Results", because it was harvested only by NDLTD which is specialized in ETDs.

Unfortunately, it seems there is no OAI Static Repository Gateway available in the world that could be used from outside its organization. Installing an OAI Static Repository Gateway at HAW Hamburg in the Rechenzentrum Berliner Tor (RZBT) turned out to be impossible for administrative reasons.

A community has now been started at ZENODO. ZENODO offers for each community an OAI-PMH-compatible repository, as can be seen here. Now, all our ETDs will need to be uploaded also into the Digital Library – Projects & Theses – Prof. Dr. Scholz on ZENODO in order to be distributed. This approach is less flexible, but once set up, it will run a) without maintenance, b) on archived data and c) independent of unpredictable decisions at the RZBT.

Report Preparation for Delivery

The report has to meet (up to date) publication standards:

1. The report has to have a Uniform Resource Name (URN)
2. Research data (calculations, data, statistics) going along with the report has to be published before the report is finalized and has to be identified with a Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
3. The report has to have a Documentation Page located behind the Title Page(s) and before the Abstract. The Documentation Page shows text in which the actual URN – and DOI(s) if applicable – are embedded.
4. Metadata describing the report formally has to be generated.

1) A Uniform Resource Name (URN) for the Report

urn:nbn:de:gbv:18302-aero2017-12-13.019

The URN is part of the URL (the link). The date in the URN (above: 2017-12-13) is the delivery date of your report (as given on its front page). This is the date you (intend to) submit your report. "01" stands for the first document produced on this day at AERO. The last digit is called check digit. It was used in the German National Library (DNB) until 2024. We use the check digit for all documents for which we already assigned one. "https://nbn-resolving.org/" is called a resolver. It is a resolution service that converts the PI into the URL from which the document can be retrieved.

Since 2025, the German National Library (DNB) does not require a check digit anymore. It also became impossilbe to generate a check digit for a URN. For these two resons, the URN is now written without a check digit. It looks like this:

urn:nbn:de:gbv:18302-aero2017-12-13.01

2) Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for Published Research Data

10.7910/DVN/2HMEHB

The DOI is part of the URL (the link). The resolver for a DOI is https://doi.org/ . If you do not have any reseach data to publish, you can skip this section. Otherwise:

Deliver your data to be uploaded at Harvard Dataverse to Prof. Scholz. In return, you will get the DOI.

3) Documentation Page

TitleAndDocumentationPage.docx

4) Submit Metadata

This is what needs to be considered / provided to Prof. Scholz:

4.1) 3 Dewey Decimal Classifications (DDC) and 3 related German "Sachschlagwörter" (GND) [also called: Sachschlagwort (SWS)] from:
 Klassifikation_DDC_629.13.pdf    Size:  374K
Select e.g. 2 from the scientific field and one from the aircraft type under consideration.

4.2) One more (Nr. 4) Sachschlagwort (GND) (to give more freedome to describe everything of importance).

4.3) A class from Regensburger Verbundklassifikation (RVK):
 Klassifikation_RVK_ZO7000.pdf    Size:  231K

4.4) 4 Standardized English Keywords from FAST (Faceted Application of Subject Terminology) / Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). See Link below!

All the data will be on the Landing Page for the report in the end. It will be available for Google & Google Scholar and will be used for the uploads into the DNB and into the Repository in Hannover.
Example: LandingBurzlaff.html

Hints on Metadata

Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) u.a. mit Sachschlagwörtern (SWS)
Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND)
Online Suche nach Sachschlagwörtern - Eingabe des Stichwortes
Online Suche nach Sachschlagwörtern - Eingabe der DDC (DDC-Eingabe im Link!) GND Explorer

Regensburger Verbundklassifikation (RVK)
RVK Online

Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) via FAST - Standardized English Keywords
OCLC: Introduction: FAST (Faceted Application of Subject Terminology) derived from the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH)
Manual selection of FAST Subjects based on autosuggest technology    (Help on usage)

Producing PDF/A

Validating PDF/A, Correcting PDF/A

Use one or several of these PDF/A validators to see if your PDF/A qualifies:

Name and Link	Organization	Type	Remark
PDF/A Validation	veraPDF	consortium	many standards, detailed output
PDF/A Online Verification Service	BFO	software company	many standards, max. 2 MB, recommended by PDFassociation
PDF/A Type Checking & Validation	PDFEN	software company	PDF/A type checking and validation, number of files per half hour limited, no detailed results
3-HEIGHTS PDF VALIDATOR ONLINE TOOL	PDF Tools AG	software company	determines PDF/A type and validates against that type
PDF Validator, Preflight	Free Tool Online	Khoa Tran, software engineer	checks only against PDF/A-1a and PDF/A-1b

If the PDF/A does not qualify try to convert the file e.g. to PDF/A-2B with PDFEN or iLovePDF:

Name and Link	Organization	Type	Remark
PDF-FILE TO A PDF/A FILE	PDFEN	software company	Choose PDF/A format, OCR, optimization (with linearization that does not work), max. 15 files in 2 weeks with login
Convert PDF to PDF/A	iLovePDF	software company	Free PDF Suite (PDF-A conversion only limited). Does not seem to allow PDF linearization afterwards with "save as".
Online Document Converter (Output: PDF/A)	Neevia	software company	PDF/A format not specified, changes metadata, only PDF/A-1B, unlimited free

Try this with Acrobat Writer 6.0: Produce PDF/A from Word (may fail veraPDF Validation), convert to PDF/A with Neevia, do not touch anymore, check with veraPDF. If ok: done.

The Logo

The logo is the symbol for a landing aircraft. It links to the topic of this repository: "aviation". Moreover, the logo stands here for the collection of landing pages. Landing pages contain the (machine-readable) metadata to feed especially Google Scholar. As such, landing pages are key for the documents to be precisely found on the Internet. Also Google Custom Search - searching locally in this repository - depends to a large extend on what is contained on the landing pages. Note: An aircraft flying down the Instrument Landing System (ILS) with a glide slope of 3° and a typical Angle Of Attack (AOA) will have a nose up attitude. We stick here to this international symbol, because an aircraft nose up would be interpreted as an aircraft taking off.

More Hints

More Hints on Report Preparation from a Workshop: EWADE

Grey Literature

Definition of Grey Literature:
Grey literature stands for manifold document types produced on all levels of government, academics, business and industry in print and electronic formats that are protected by intellectual property rights, of sufficient quality to be collected and preserved by library holdings or institutional repositories, but not controlled by commercial publishers i.e., where publishing is not the primary activity of the producing body.

Document types (examples):
research and project reports, theses, conference proceedings, preprints, working papers, newsletters, technical reports, recommendations and technical standards, patents, technical notes, data and statistics, presentations, academic courseware, lecture notes.

Document Types in Grey Literature

Guidelines for the Production of Scientific and Technical Reports : How to Write and Distribute Grey Literature (open PDF)
Richtlinien für die Erstellung wissenschaftlicher und technischer Berichte: Verfassen und Verbreiten grauer Literatur (PDF)
GreyNet International
http://greyguide.isti.cnr.it Good practices and resources in grey literature.
Wikipedia: Grey Literature
https://www.science.gov Gateway to U.S. Federal Science

Searching on Semantic Scholar

In general, write your request like this:
https://www.semanticscholar.org/search?year[0]=yyyy&year[1]=yyyy&q=Title&sort=relevance&pdf=true"

Where:
yyyy       is the year of the publication
Title      is the title of the publication

Example:
https://www.semanticscholar.org/search?year[0]=2015&year[1]=2015&q=Aerodynamic Analysis with Athena Vortex Lattice (AVL)&sort=relevance&pdf=true

Resolving of URNs and DOIs

  Prof. Dr. Scholz
  Aircraft Design and Systems Group (AERO)
  Aeronautical Engineering
  Department of Automotive and Aeronautical Engineering
  Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science
  Hamburg University of Applied Sciences