| Schmidt-Appleman-Criterion (SAC) |
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| This file: |
https://purl.org/aero/SAC |
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Magnus-Equation |
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| a_w |
611.2 |
Pa |
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| b_w |
17.62 |
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| c_w |
243.12 |
°C |
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| a_i |
611.2 |
Pa |
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| b_i |
22.46 |
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| c_i |
272.62 |
°C |
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https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sättigungsdampfdruck#Berechnung_des_Sättigungsdampfdrucks_von_Wasser_über_die_Magnus-Formel |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapour_pressure_of_water |
contains also alternative
equations |
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| t |
-43.936 |
°C |
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No contrail above this
temperatur |
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| E_w' |
1.354 |
Pa/°C |
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| E_w' - G |
7.65692E-07 |
Pa/°C |
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<= drive to Zero with
the Solver (settings on the right) |
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=
a_w*b_w*c_w*EXP(b_w*t/(c_w+t))/(c_w+t)^2-G |
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| E_w |
12.54 |
Pa |
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= a_w*EXP(b_w*t/(c_w+t)) |
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| E_i |
8.17 |
Pa |
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= a_i*EXP(b_i*t/(c_i+t)) |
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| L |
1.9812E-03 |
°C/ft |
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| t_0 |
15.0 |
°C |
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| k_a |
6.8756E-06 |
1/ft |
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Constants of the ISA,
Scholz |
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| k_b |
4.8063E-05 |
1/ft |
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| k_exp |
5.25588 |
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| H_T |
36089 |
ft |
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| p_0 |
101315 |
Pa |
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| p_T |
22632 |
Pa |
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| H |
40000 |
ft |
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Input of the flight
altitude |
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| p |
18754 |
Pa |
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Pressure from the ISA,
Scholz |
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WENN(H<H_T;p_0*(1-k_a*H)^k_exp;p_T*EXP(-k_b*(H-H_T))) |
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Kerosine: |
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| EI_H2O |
1.25 |
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1.25 |
Data for the fuel |
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| c_p |
1004 |
J/(kgK) |
1004 |
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| eps |
0.622 |
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0.622 |
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GIERENS, Klaus, et
al.,2008. A Review of Various Strategies for Contrail Avoidance. In: OASC,
vol.2, pp. 1-7. |
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| Q |
4.30E+07 |
J/kg |
4.30E+07 |
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https://doi.org/10.2174/1874282300802010001 |
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| eta |
0.35 |
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0.35 |
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| G |
1.354 |
Pa/°C |
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=
EI_H2O*p*c_p/(eps*Q*(1-eta)) |
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| t_Schumann |
-43.47 |
°C |
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=
-46+9,43*LN(G-0,053)+0,72*(LN(G-0,053))^2 |
Approximate equation from
Schumann 1996 (https://elib.dlr.de/32128), Schumann 2000
(https://elib.dlr.de/9281) |
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| t_Scholz |
-43.86 |
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=
a_SLZ*LN(G)^2+b_SLZ*LN(G)+c_SLZ |
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See on Tab
"t_SAC". Parameters are similar to those from Schumann. |
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| G0 |
72.0 |
Pa |
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= E_w-G*t |
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| f(t) |
12.54 |
Pa |
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= G*t+G0 |
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| f(t)=E_w(t) ? |
true |
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Check of calculation must
be "true"! |
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| t |
E_w |
E_i |
G*t+G0 |
phi = E_i/E_w |
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| -60 |
1.901 |
1.080 |
-9.21 |
56.8% |
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| -59 |
2.158 |
1.236 |
-7.86 |
57.3% |
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| -58 |
2.447 |
1.413 |
-6.50 |
57.7% |
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| -57 |
2.771 |
1.613 |
-5.15 |
58.2% |
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| -56 |
3.134 |
1.839 |
-3.79 |
58.7% |
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| -55 |
3.539 |
2.094 |
-2.44 |
59.2% |
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| -54 |
3.992 |
2.381 |
-1.09 |
59.7% |
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| -53 |
4.497 |
2.705 |
0.27 |
60.2% |
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| -52 |
5.060 |
3.070 |
1.62 |
60.7% |
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| -51 |
5.686 |
3.479 |
2.98 |
61.2% |
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| -50 |
6.382 |
3.939 |
4.33 |
61.7% |
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| -49 |
7.155 |
4.455 |
5.68 |
62.3% |
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| -48 |
8.011 |
5.032 |
7.04 |
62.8% |
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| -47 |
8.960 |
5.678 |
8.39 |
63.4% |
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| -46 |
10.010 |
6.401 |
9.74 |
63.9% |
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| -45 |
11.171 |
7.208 |
11.10 |
64.5% |
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| -44 |
12.452 |
8.108 |
12.45 |
65.1% |
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| -43 |
13.865 |
9.111 |
13.81 |
65.7% |
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| -42 |
15.423 |
10.227 |
15.16 |
66.3% |
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| -41 |
17.137 |
11.469 |
16.51 |
66.9% |
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| -40 |
19.021 |
12.850 |
17.87 |
67.6% |
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| -39 |
21.092 |
14.382 |
19.22 |
68.2% |
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| -38 |
23.364 |
16.082 |
20.57 |
68.8% |
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| -37 |
25.855 |
17.966 |
21.93 |
69.5% |
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| -36 |
28.584 |
20.051 |
23.28 |
70.1% |
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| -35 |
31.571 |
22.358 |
24.64 |
70.8% |
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| -34 |
34.836 |
24.908 |
25.99 |
71.5% |
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| -33 |
38.403 |
27.723 |
27.34 |
72.2% |
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| -32 |
42.297 |
30.830 |
28.70 |
72.9% |
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| -31 |
46.543 |
34.254 |
30.05 |
73.6% |
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| -30 |
51.169 |
38.025 |
31.41 |
74.3% |
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| -29 |
56.205 |
42.175 |
32.76 |
75.0% |
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| -28 |
61.683 |
46.739 |
34.11 |
75.8% |
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| -27 |
67.636 |
51.753 |
35.47 |
76.5% |
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| -26 |
74.102 |
57.258 |
36.82 |
77.3% |
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| -25 |
81.117 |
63.297 |
38.17 |
78.0% |
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| Minimum Relative Humidity for Persistent Contrails |
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| according
to Gierens (2008) |
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| exact: |
RH_min = E_i(t) / E_w(t) |
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| approx.: |
RH_min = RH_a*t + RH_b |
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| |
RH_a |
6.059E-03 |
1/°C |
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RH_b |
0.92261 |
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| |
This according to: |
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| |
GIERENS, Klaus, et
al.,2008. A Review of Various Strategies for Contrail Avoidance. In: OASC,
vol.2, pp. 1-7. |
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https://doi.org/10.2174/1874282300802010001 |
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| Checking
the Influence of the Altitude of the Tropopause on Pressure |
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| p(H, H_T) |
hPa |
p_0 = |
1013.15 |
hPa |
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| H |
ft |
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20000 |
25000 |
30000 |
35000 |
36089 |
40000 |
45000 |
50000 |
55000 |
60000 |
65000 |
70000 |
|
title of legend |
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| H_T |
ft |
20000 |
466 |
366 |
288 |
226 |
215 |
178 |
140 |
110 |
87 |
68 |
54 |
42 |
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H_T = 20000 ft |
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36089 |
466 |
376 |
301 |
238 |
226 |
188 |
147 |
116 |
91 |
72 |
56 |
44 |
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H_T = 36089 ft |
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50000 |
466 |
376 |
301 |
238 |
226 |
187 |
145 |
111 |
87 |
68 |
54 |
42 |
|
H_T = 50000 ft |
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70000 |
466 |
376 |
301 |
238 |
226 |
187 |
145 |
111 |
83 |
62 |
45 |
32 |
|
H_T = 70000 ft |
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| Result: |
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| The
influence of the altitude of the tropopause, H_T on the pressure is small! |
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| Further
approach: |
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| The
SAC and SAD is calculated with a standard H_T = 36089 ft, |
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| even
if later the SAD is evaluated for the temperatures of various other H_T. |
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